The most recent growth statistics showed that the Australian economy faces some strong headwinds. In an environment where global growth is subdued, the national economy grew just 0.2 per cent in the June 2024 quarter. Yet Western Australia’s growth was considerably faster. With a quarterly growth rate of 0.9 per cent, Western Australia tied with South Australia as the fastest‑growing state in the nation.
There are other positive signs. Investment in WA continues to grow, reflecting business confidence in WA’s future. In the past financial year, the value of new capital expenditure in Western Australia rose 18.5 per cent in the mining industry and 16.9 per cent in non‑mining industries. This new investment accounts for nearly a quarter of Australia’s new private investment, showing that WA continues to punch above its weight.
As pro‑growth progressives, we recognise that government has a role to play in boosting the growth rate and continuing to build on WA’s economic success. Higher productivity also increases the speed limit of the economy, allowing Australians to live longer, and live better.
What are the best policies to encourage growth? As the nation’s most export‑oriented state, international settings are of particular significance for Western Australia. Since coming to office, the Albanese government has sought to stabilise Australia’s relationships with our major trading partners.
Under the former Coalition government, China effectively closed the door to many of our exports. Since May 2022, as a result of the Albanese government’s calm and consistent approach – in concert with a great deal of hard work and advocacy by industry – most of the Australian products previously subject to impediments have been able to re‑enter China’s market. That includes coal, cotton, timber logs, barley, and wine. Trade impediments imposed by China on around $20 billion of Australian exports remain on less than $1 billion.
We have also worked to build stronger partnerships with countries throughout our region. Foreign Minister Penny Wong and Trade Minister Don Farrell have worked to diversify our trading relationships, by leading a diplomatic and business push into countries throughout the South East Asia and the Pacific.
A key element is the development of a new South East Asia Economic Strategy, based on a report that the government commissioned from Nicholas Moore, the former CEO of the Macquarie Group, titled ‘Invested: Australia’s Southeast Asia Economic Strategy to 2040’. This strategy aims to boost trade and investment by enhancing economic engagement and leveraging Australia’s strengths: a well‑capitalised corporate sector, sophisticated capital markets, and a substantial national savings pool.
In the mining sector, the government’s production tax incentive scheme seeks to nurture the critical minerals and green hydrogen industries. These tax credits aim to secure Australia’s critical mineral supply chain and assist with the energy transition in economically productive ways. Yet, remarkably Peter Dutton has opposed production tax incentives. His position puts him at odds with both major parties in Western Australian – Liberal and Labor. As Resources Minister Madeleine King puts it, Dutton’s stance is ‘anti‑resources and anti‑WA’.
Another important part of Labor’s pro‑growth productivity agenda is competition reform. The last big wave of national competition policy took place in the 1990s, when consumers were given more choice about their electricity provider and a host of unnecessary regulations were scrapped. During the 2000s and 2010s, Australia experienced a rise in market concentration and markups, and a drop in economic dynamism. Too many industries have become dominated by too few companies. Disappointing productivity performance in the 2010s is likely linked to the lack of competition in many Australian markets and Australian consumers have suffered.
Last year, our government established a competition taskforce in the Australian Treasury, mandated to identify reforms that would create a more competitive economy that drives down costs. This year, the Albanese government has introduced the biggest shakeup of our merger laws in half a century, aiming to ensure that the merger control system is simpler, quicker, and more efficient. Our reforms will ensure quicker approvals for low‑risk mergers but that the competition watchdog sees all high‑risk mergers through mandatory reporting thresholds.
Another priority of the competition taskforce is the reform of non‑compete clauses. One in 5 Australian workers have a clause in their employment contract that limits their ability to move to a competing company. Non‑compete clauses slow wage growth and impede new business formation. In the United States, the government has estimated that scrapping non‑compete clauses would boost wages by US$500 for the typical worker, and lead to the creation of 8,000 more businesses annually. In Australia, we are actively considering the best way to address the adverse effects of non‑compete clauses.
These are just some examples of how the Albanese government, with the states and territories, is revitalising the National Competition Policy to deliver more jobs, more startups, and more prosperity. Western Australia is on board with National Competition Policy and stands to share the benefits.
Being pro‑growth is not about being anti‑fairness. Indeed, the best way to deliver for the most vulnerable is through a growing economy, where everyone can share in the gains. By choosing openness, encouraging dynamism, and strengthening competition, we can get a better deal and expand opportunities for consumers, workers, and households in Western Australia.